What Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists Do

Zoologists and wildlife biologists study the characteristics and habitats of animals and wildlife.  

Duties

Zoologists and wildlife biologists typically do the following:

• Develop and conduct experimental studies with animals in controlled or natural surroundings
• Collect biological data and specimens for further analysis
• Study the characteristics of animals, such as their interactions with other species, reproduction, diseases, and movement patterns
• Analyze the influence that human activity has on wildlife and their natural habitats
• Estimate wildlife populations
• Write research papers, reports, and scholarly articles that explain their findings
• Give presentations on research findings
• Make recommendations to policymakers and the general public on wildlife conservation and management issues

Zoologists and wildlife biologists perform a variety of scientific tests and experiments. For example, they take blood samples from animals to assess their levels of nutrition.

Zoologists and wildlife biologists use geographic information systems, modeling software, and other computer programs to estimate populations and track the behavior patterns of animals. They also use these programs to forecast the spread of invasive species, diseases, and other potential threats to wildlife.

Zoologists and wildlife biologists conduct research for a variety of purposes. For example, many zoologists and wildlife biologists work to increase knowledge and understanding of wildlife species. They also work closely with public officials to develop wildlife management and conservation plans to ensure species are protected from threats and animal populations remain at sustainable levels.

Most zoologists and wildlife biologists work on research teams with other scientists and technicians. For example, zoologists and wildlife biologists may work with environmental scientists and hydrologists to monitor the effects of water pollution on fish populations.

Many zoologists and wildlife biologists are identified by the types of species they study. The following are examples of those who specialize by species:

• Entomologists study insects.
• Herpetologists study reptiles and amphibians, such as snakes and frogs.
• Ichthyologists study fish.
• Mammalogists study mammals, such as monkeys and bears.
• Ornithologists study birds.

Some wildlife biologists study animals by where they live. The following are examples of those who specialize by habitat:

• Marine biologists study organisms that live in saltwater.
• Limnologists study organisms that live in freshwater.

Other zoologists and wildlife biologists are identified by the aspects of zoology and wildlife biology they study, such as evolution and animal behavior. The following are some examples:

• Ecologists study the ecosystem, which is the relationship between organisms and with the surrounding environment.
• Evolutionary biologists study the origins of species and the changes in their inherited characteristics over generations.

Many people with a zoology and wildlife biology background become high school teachers or professors. For more information, see the profiles on high school teachers and postsecondary teachers.

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition