What Cartographers and Photogrammetrists Do

Cartographers and photogrammetrists measure, analyze, and interpret geographic information to create maps and charts for political, cultural, educational, and other purposes.

Cartographers are general mapmakers who compile data from multiple sources and then use principles of cartographic design to make maps. Photogrammetrists are specialized mapmakers who use aerial photographs, satellite images, and light-imaging detection and ranging technology (LIDAR) to build 3-D models of the Earth’s surface and its features for purposes of creating maps. 

Duties

Cartographers typically do the following:

• Collect and analyze geographic data, such as population density, demographic characteristics, and annual precipitation patterns
• Examine and compile data from ground surveys, reports, aerial photographs, and satellite images to prepare thematic maps
• Prepare thematic maps in digital or graphic form for social, environmental, political, business, educational, and design purposes
• Revise existing maps and charts to make corrections, adjustments, and updates

Photogrammetrists typically do the following:

• Plan aerial surveys to ensure proper coverage of the area in question
• Collect and analyze spatial data such as latitude, longitude, elevation, and distance
• Develop base maps that make it possible to produce useful cartographic output using a geographic information system (GIS)

Cartographers and photogrammetrists use information from geodetic surveys and remote sensing systems, including aerial cameras, satellites, and technologies such as light-imaging detection and ranging (LIDAR).

LIDAR uses lasers attached to planes and other equipment to digitally map the topography of the Earth. LIDAR is often more accurate than traditional surveying methods and also can be used to collect other forms of data, such as the location and density of forest canopies. Data from LIDAR are used to provide spatial information to specialists in water resource engineering, geology, seismology, forestry, construction, and other fields.

A cartographic professional who creates maps using geographic information system (GIS) technology is known as a geographic information specialist. A GIS is typically used to assemble, integrate, analyze, and display spatial information in a digital format. Maps created with GIS technology link spatial graphic features with non-graphic information. These maps are useful for providing support for decisions involving environmental studies, geology, engineering, land-use planning, and business marketing.

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2012-13 Edition